CMakeLists: Specify -Wextra on linux builds

Allows reporting more cases where logic errors may exist, such as
implicit fallthrough cases, etc.

We currently ignore unused parameters, since we currently have many
cases where this is intentional (virtual interfaces).

While we're at it, we can also tidy up any existing code that causes
warnings. This also uncovered a few bugs as well.

src/core/file_sys/patch_manager.cpp

@@ -440,7 +440,8 @@ std::map<std::string, std::string, std::less<>> PatchManager::GetPatchVersionNam
     // Game Updates
     const auto update_tid = GetUpdateTitleID(title_id);
     PatchManager update{update_tid};
-    auto [nacp, discard_icon_file] = update.GetControlMetadata();
+    const auto metadata = update.GetControlMetadata();
+    const auto& nacp = metadata.first;
 
     const auto update_disabled =
         std::find(disabled.cbegin(), disabled.cend(), "Update") != disabled.cend();